The US dealt effectively with the USSR until 1949, especially all over the Berlin crisis and setting up NATO to join the West power against Communism. 1950s were a stream when many Americans believed they were losing the Cold War.
Politically, the Americans saw Communism spreading through the world. October 1949 China fell to communism, which was a big loss. With the domino effect, commie North Korea invaded South in 1950. Although South Korea was defended from being interpreted over by Communism, the care was never gone in Americans mind. They realized something had to be done in order to gibe Communism. Also, as French left Vietnam during WWII, the Vietminh, led by communist Ho Chi Minh, combined forces of nationalism and communism. It was just southward of China geographically and was well placed for receiving assistance from Chinese Maos communists after 1949.
Militarily, the US and USSR always competed on militaries. Between 1945 and 1949 US was the only country having A-Bomb. They thought USSR would not have it at bottom 20 years. However, USSR had it by 1949 and it was a shock to Americans. When H-Bomb was invented in 1952 in the US, USSR had it in less than a year. The Bomber gap arose because of concerns with Soviet bombardment capabilities between 1955-56.
The missile gap between 1957-61 developed in response to the USSRs launching of its ICBM program, nuclear missiles for use over a long range of about 8000 miles, in 1957. The fears of these perceived gap led the US government to increase its legions spending from $15 trillion to over $50 billion and if there was any gap, it was closed down quickly. Soon American U2 spy-planes were able to see the lack of Soviet missiles comparing to the USs. However, the fear of Soviet...
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